Kebara
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
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Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
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Lab ID | Context | Material | Taxon | Method | Uncalibrated age | Calibrated age | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
nd-173 | bone | NA | 14C | 11150±400 BP | 13992–11950 cal BP | Weninger 2022 | |
/c14s/71091 | bone | NA | NA | 11150±400 BP | 13992–11950 cal BP | Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996 | |
OxA-2798 | human | charred bone | NA | 12470±180 BP | 15240–14066 cal BP | Housley 1994 | |
OxA-2799 | bone | NA | NA | 14500±250 BP | 18235–17073 cal BP | Housley 1994 | |
RT-227 | soil | ash | NA | 20450±300 BP | 25280–23847 cal BP | Henry and Servello 1974 | |
Pta-4247 | charcoal | NA | NA | 22900±250 BP | 27694–26478 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
Pta-4269 | charcoal | NA | NA | 28700±450 BP | 34100–31820 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
OxA-3978 | charcoal | NA | NA | 28890±400 BP | 34198–32070 cal BP | Housley 1994 | |
Pta-4263 | charcoal | NA | NA | 31400±480 BP | 36625–34720 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
Pta-4268 | charcoal | NA | NA | 32200±630 BP | 38560–35278 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
Gif-TAN-90151 | charcoal | NA | NA | 32670±800 BP | 39290–35550 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
OxA-2800 | bone | NA | NA | 33550±930 BP | 40430–36241 cal BP | Hedges et al. 1992 | |
OxA-3975 | charcoal | NA | NA | 33920±690 BP | 40433–36990 cal BP | Housley 1994 | |
Gif-TAN-90028 | charcoal | NA | NA | 34300±1100 BP | 41272–36580 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
OxA-3974 | charcoal | NA | NA | 34510±740 BP | 41056–37540 cal BP | Housley 1994 | |
OxA-1567 | charcoal | NA | NA | 35600±1600 BP | 42440–36995 cal BP | Hedges et al. 1990 | |
OxA-1230 | charcoal | NA | NA | 36000±1600 BP | 42644–37310 cal BP | Hedges et al. 1990 | |
Pta-4267 | charcoal | NA | NA | 36000±1100 BP | 42399–38810 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 | |
OxA-1568 | charcoal | NA | NA | 38000±2100 BP | 45068–38270 cal BP | Hedges et al. 1990 | |
Gif-TAN-90168 | charcoal | NA | NA | 41700±0 BP | 44550–44525 cal BP | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 |
Classification | Estimated age | References |
---|---|---|
Epipalaeolithic | NA | NA |
Natufian | NA | NA |
EP | NA | Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996 |
Early Natufian | NA | NA |
EP | NA | Housley 1994 |
Natufian | NA | NA |
EP | NA | Housley 1994 |
Kebaran? | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Henry and Servello 1974 |
Lev. Aurignacian | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 |
Lev. Aurignacian | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 |
Lev. Aurignacian | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Housley 1994 |
Ahmarian | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 |
Lev. Aurignacian | NA | NA |
UP | NA | Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005 |
Lev. Aurignacian | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996]
- No bibliographic information available. [Housley 1994]
- No bibliographic information available. [Henry and Servello 1974]
- No bibliographic information available. [Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005]
- No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1992]
- No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1990]
- Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
- http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php [CONTEXT]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996,
}
@misc{Housley 1994,
}
@misc{Henry and Servello 1974,
}
@misc{Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005,
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1992,
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1990,
}
@misc{CalPal,
title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
author = {Weninger, Bernie},
year = {2022},
month = {sep},
doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Housley 1994","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Henry and Servello 1974","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1990","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Housley 1994
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Henry and Servello 1974
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1990
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
:title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
:author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{sep}"
:doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
:url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
:abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
:copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
:howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
:month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
:note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"