Site type

Location

200 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
032.560° N, 034.930° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 33' 00" E, 034° 55' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Israel (IL)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (50)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
nd-173 bone NA 14C 11150±400 BP 13992–11950 cal BP Weninger 2022
/c14s/71091 bone NA NA 11150±400 BP 13992–11950 cal BP Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996
OxA-2798 human charred bone NA 12470±180 BP 15240–14066 cal BP Housley 1994
OxA-2799 bone NA NA 14500±250 BP 18235–17073 cal BP Housley 1994
RT-227 soil ash NA 20450±300 BP 25280–23847 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974
Pta-4247 charcoal NA NA 22900±250 BP 27694–26478 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Pta-4269 charcoal NA NA 28700±450 BP 34100–31820 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
OxA-3978 charcoal NA NA 28890±400 BP 34198–32070 cal BP Housley 1994
Pta-4263 charcoal NA NA 31400±480 BP 36625–34720 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Pta-4268 charcoal NA NA 32200±630 BP 38560–35278 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Gif-TAN-90151 charcoal NA NA 32670±800 BP 39290–35550 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
OxA-2800 bone NA NA 33550±930 BP 40430–36241 cal BP Hedges et al. 1992
OxA-3975 charcoal NA NA 33920±690 BP 40433–36990 cal BP Housley 1994
Gif-TAN-90028 charcoal NA NA 34300±1100 BP 41272–36580 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
OxA-3974 charcoal NA NA 34510±740 BP 41056–37540 cal BP Housley 1994
OxA-1567 charcoal NA NA 35600±1600 BP 42440–36995 cal BP Hedges et al. 1990
OxA-1230 charcoal NA NA 36000±1600 BP 42644–37310 cal BP Hedges et al. 1990
Pta-4267 charcoal NA NA 36000±1100 BP 42399–38810 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
OxA-1568 charcoal NA NA 38000±2100 BP 45068–38270 cal BP Hedges et al. 1990
Gif-TAN-90168 charcoal NA NA 41700±0 BP 44550–44525 cal BP Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005

typological date Typological dates (55)

Classification Estimated age References
Epipalaeolithic NA NA
Natufian NA NA
EP NA Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996
Early Natufian NA NA
EP NA Housley 1994
Natufian NA NA
EP NA Housley 1994
Kebaran? NA NA
UP NA Henry and Servello 1974
Lev. Aurignacian NA NA
UP NA Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Lev. Aurignacian NA NA
UP NA Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Lev. Aurignacian NA NA
UP NA Housley 1994
Ahmarian NA NA
UP NA Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Lev. Aurignacian NA NA
UP NA Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
Lev. Aurignacian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • No bibliographic information available. [Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Housley 1994]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Henry and Servello 1974]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1992]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1990]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
  • http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php [CONTEXT]
  • Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996,
  
}
@misc{Housley 1994,
  
}
@misc{Henry and Servello 1974,
  
}
@misc{Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005,
  
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1992,
  
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1990,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
  note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Housley 1994","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Henry and Servello 1974","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1990","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Bar-Yosef and Valla 1979, Bar-Yosef 1981b, Schyle 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Housley 1994
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Henry and Servello 1974
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Goring-Morris and Cohern 2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1990
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
  :note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
    https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog