Site types
Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
032.540° N, 034.900° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 32' 00" E, 034° 54' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Israel (IL)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (49)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
PITT-622 charcoal charcoal or charred seed? 14C 7550±80 BP 8518–8183 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305 Weninger 2022
Pta-3950 charcoal NA 14C 8000±90 BP 9120–8596 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2475 wood NA 14C 7465±50 BP 8370–8186 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2477, 2478 wood NA 14C 7605±55 BP 8538–8335 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2479 wood NA 14C 7460±55 BP 8375–8180 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2489, 2492 wood NA 14C 7880±55 BP 8982–8548 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2493, 2495 wood NA 14C 7755±55 BP 8632–8417 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-2496, 2497 plant NA 14C 8170±55 BP 9277–9005 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-3038 bone Homo sapiens 14C 8000±45 BP 9006–8651 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-3043 wood NA 14C 7250±45 BP 8171–7977 cal BP Lee Sep 2010 Weninger 2022
RT-707 charcoal NA 14C 8140±120 BP 9425–8650 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305 Weninger 2022
RT-944A seed/fruit Hordeum 14C 7670±85 BP 8635–8330 cal BP Carmi and Segal 1992, 119 Weninger 2022
RT-944C charcoal NA 14C 7610±90 BP 8590–8201 cal BP Carmi and Segal 1992, 119 Weninger 2022
PITT-622 charcoal charcoal or charred seed? NA 7550±80 BP 8518–8183 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993
RT-944C charcoal NA NA 7610±90 BP 8590–8201 cal BP Carmi and Segal 1992, Galili et al. 1993, Gopher and Gophna 1993
RT-944A seeds Hordeum NA 7670±85 BP 8635–8330 cal BP Carmi and Segal 1992, Galili et al. 1993, Gopher and Gophna 1993
Pta-3950 charcoal NA NA 8000±90 BP 9120–8596 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993
RT-707 charcoal NA NA 8140±120 BP 9425–8650 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993
PITT-622 prés dela st. 10; (close to) structure 10A; nd grain (charred) Triticum NA 7550±80 BP 8518–8183 cal BP Gopher a Gophna 1993; Flohr et al. 2016; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
Pta-3950 (close to) structure 13 charcoal NA NA 8000±90 BP 9120–8596 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (36)

Classification Estimated age References
Neolithic NA Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305
PPNC? NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA
Neolithic NA Lee Sep 2010
PPNC NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305,
  
}
@misc{Lee Sep 2010,
  
}
@misc{Carmi and Segal 1992, 119,
  
}
@misc{Gopher and Gophna 1993,
  
}
@misc{Carmi and Segal 1992, Galili et al. 1993, Gopher and Gophna 1993,
  
}
@misc{Gopher a Gophna 1993; Flohr et al. 2016; CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Carmi  and Segal1992,
  
}
@misc{Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Clare 2010; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Carmi 1987; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016; Böhner and Schyle 2006,
  
}
@misc{Carmi and Segal 1992; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Bruhy 2002:5557,
  
}
@misc{Gopher and Gophna 1993 139 u. 305,
  
}
@misc{Otte et al. 1995 934,
  
}
@misc{Carmi and Segal 1992 119,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
  note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lee Sep 2010","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi and Segal 1992, 119","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gopher and Gophna 1993","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi and Segal 1992, Galili et al. 1993, Gopher and Gophna 1993","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gopher a Gophna 1993; Flohr et al. 2016; CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi  and Segal1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clare 2010; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi 1987; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016; Böhner and Schyle 2006","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi and Segal 1992; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bruhy 2002:5557","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gopher and Gophna 1993 139 u. 305","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Otte et al. 1995 934","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carmi and Segal 1992 119","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher and Gophna 1993, 139 u. 305
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lee Sep 2010
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi and Segal 1992, 119
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher and Gophna 1993
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi and Segal 1992, Galili et al. 1993, Gopher and Gophna 1993
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher a Gophna 1993; Flohr et al. 2016; CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi  and Segal1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Clare 2010; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi 1987; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr
  et al. 2016; Böhner and Schyle 2006
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi and Segal 1992; Gopher and Gophna 1993; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011;
  Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bruhy 2002:5557
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher and Gophna 1993 139 u. 305
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Otte et al. 1995 934
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carmi and Segal 1992 119
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
  :note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
    https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog