Knowth
Archaeological site
in Ireland
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
Radiocarbon dates
(219)
Typological dates
(45)
| Classification | Estimated age | References |
|---|---|---|
| Neolithic | NA | Chapple 2019 |
| Neolithic | NA | Chapple 2019 |
| Neolithic | NA | Chapple 2019 |
| Neolithic | NA | Chapple 2019 |
| Neolithic | NA | Chapple 2019 |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| LN | NA | NA |
| Bell Beaker | NA | NA |
| UM | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| UN | NA | NA |
| LMEN | NA | NA |
| EN | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- Chapple, R. M. (2019). Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release) [Data set]. Oculus Obscura Press. https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates [IRDD (CalPal)]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ramsey et al. 2002; Whittle et al. 2011]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011; Eogan 1986]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b, 590]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b, 589]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991; Bergh 1995]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991]
- No bibliographic information available. [Lanting & Brindley 1998, 6; McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan 2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765; Mapping Death DB; Dowling 2014, 173]
- No bibliographic information available. [Raftery 1994, 230; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014, 173]
- No bibliographic information available. [Raftery 1994, 230; Waddell 2000, 372; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014, 173]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 589]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 16]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 18, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 202]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 219]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan & Roche 1997, 257]
- No bibliographic information available. [Kerr 2007, 94]
- No bibliographic information available. [Lavell 1971, 3E.3]
- No bibliographic information available. [Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; Eogan 2012, 765; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html)]
- No bibliographic information available. [McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan 2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2012, 765]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2012, 765; Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html)]
- No bibliographic information available. [ORAU Datelist 26 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am26.html)]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 84, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 108, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 111, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 112, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 112-3, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 113, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 115, 338]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 115]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 117, 338]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 122, 338, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 123]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 123, 338]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 127, 338, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 129, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 130, 339, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 130, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 133, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 134, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 191]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 214]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 247]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 248]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 249]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 337]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 338, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 338]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 339]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 339, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 340]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 340, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Eogan 2017, 341]
- No bibliographic information available. [Pers. Comm. Rowan McLaughlin, via Cultivating Societies]
- Bevan, A. H. (2017). Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate [Data set]. UCL Institute of Archaeology. https://doi.org/10.14324/000.ds.10025178 [Bevan2017]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b 590]
- No bibliographic information available. [Sinitsyn A.A. 2006. QI 152-153: 175-185. Douka 2017 Current Anthropology 58 Supplement 17 480-]
- No bibliographic information available. [Furholt 2003 260; Lanting/Aerts-Bijma/van der Pflicht 2001 251 Tab. 1; 253 Tab. 4]
- No bibliographic information available. [Vogel & Waterbolk 1963: 184]
- No bibliographic information available. [Bevan2017; EUROEVOL; RADON]
- No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b 589]
- No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3070]
- Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
- Manning, K., Timpson, A., Colledge, S., Crema, E., & Shennan, S. (2015). The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset [Data set]. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/ [EUROEVOL]
- Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
- Chapple, R. M. (2019). Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release) [Data set]. Oculus Obscura Press. https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates [IRDD]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@dataset{IRDD,
title = {Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release)},
author = {Chapple, Robert M},
date = {2019},
publisher = {Oculus Obscura Press},
location = {Belfast},
url = {https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}
}
@misc{Ramsey et al. 2002; Whittle et al. 2011,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011; Eogan 1986,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b, 590,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b, 589,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991; Bergh 1995,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991,
}
@misc{Lanting & Brindley 1998, 6; McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan 2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765; Mapping Death DB; Dowling 2014, 173,
}
@misc{Raftery 1994, 230; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014, 173,
}
@misc{Raftery 1994, 230; Waddell 2000, 372; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014, 173,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 589,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 16,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 18, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher, Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 202,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 219,
}
@misc{Eogan & Roche 1997, 257,
}
@misc{Kerr 2007, 94,
}
@misc{Lavell 1971, 3E.3,
}
@misc{Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; Eogan 2012, 765; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html),
}
@misc{McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan 2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765,
}
@misc{Eogan 2012, 765,
}
@misc{Eogan 2012, 765; Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html),
}
@misc{ORAU Datelist 26 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am26.html),
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 84, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 108, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 111, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 112, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 112-3, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 113, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 115, 338,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 115,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 117, 338,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 122, 338, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 123,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 123, 338,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 127, 338, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 129, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 130, 339, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 130, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 133, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 134, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 191,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 214,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 247,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 248,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 249,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 337,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 338, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 338,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 339,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 339, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 340,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 340, 341,
}
@misc{Eogan 2017, 341,
}
@misc{Pers. Comm. Rowan McLaughlin, via Cultivating Societies,
}
@dataset{Bevan2017,
title = {Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate},
author = {Bevan, A. H.},
date = {2017-10-20},
publisher = {UCL Institute of Archaeology},
location = {London, UK},
doi = {10.14324/000.ds.10025178},
url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/},
urldate = {2023-09-07},
langid = {english}
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b 590,
}
@misc{Sinitsyn A.A. 2006. QI 152-153: 175-185. Douka 2017 Current Anthropology 58 Supplement 17 480-,
}
@misc{Furholt 2003 260; Lanting/Aerts-Bijma/van der Pflicht 2001 251 Tab. 1; 253 Tab. 4,
}
@misc{Vogel & Waterbolk 1963: 184,
}
@misc{Bevan2017; EUROEVOL; RADON,
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b 589,
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3070,
}
@misc{CalPal,
title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
author = {Weninger, Bernie},
year = {2022},
month = {sep},
doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
month_numeric = {9}
}
@dataset{EUROEVOL,
title = {The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset},
author = {Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.},
date = {2015-07-09},
url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/},
urldate = {2023-09-07},
abstract = {This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.},
langid = {english}
}
@article{RADON,
title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
date = {2012},
journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
volume = {14},
pages = {1–4},
url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{IRDD,
title = {Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release)},
author = {Chapple, Robert M},
date = {2019},
publisher = {Oculus Obscura Press},
location = {Belfast},
url = {https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
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Comm. Rowan McLaughlin, via Cultivating Societies","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Bevan2017","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate}","author":"{Bevan, A. H.}","date":"{2017-10-20}","publisher":"{UCL Institute of Archaeology}","location":"{London, UK}","doi":"{10.14324/000.ds.10025178}","url":"{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","langid":"{english}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011b 590","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sinitsyn A.A. 2006. QI 152-153: 175-185. Douka 2017 Current Anthropology 58 Supplement 17 480-","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Furholt 2003 260; Lanting/Aerts-Bijma/van der Pflicht 2001 251 Tab. 1; 253 Tab. 4","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel & Waterbolk 1963: 184","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bevan2017; EUROEVOL; RADON","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011b 589","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3070","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUROEVOL","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}","author":"{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.}","date":"{2015-07-09}","url":"{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.}","langid":"{english}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"IRDD","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release)}","author":"{Chapple, Robert M}","date":"{2019}","publisher":"{Oculus Obscura Press}","location":"{Belfast}","url":"{https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
- :bibtex_key: IRDD
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August
2019 Release)}"
:author: "{Chapple, Robert M}"
:date: "{2019}"
:publisher: "{Oculus Obscura Press}"
:location: "{Belfast}"
:url: "{https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}"
---
:bibtex_key: Ramsey et al. 2002; Whittle et al. 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011; Eogan 1986
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b, 590
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b, 589
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991; Bergh 1995
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011; Grogan 1991
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lanting & Brindley 1998, 6; McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan
2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765; Mapping Death DB; Dowling 2014, 173
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Raftery 1994, 230; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014, 173
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Raftery 1994, 230; Waddell 2000, 372; Eogan 2012, 765; Dowling 2014,
173
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher,
Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 589
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 9, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher,
Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 16
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 18, 39; Cooney, Bayliss, Healy, Whittle, Danaher,
Cagney, Mallory, Smyth, Kador & O'Sullivan 2011, 590
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 202
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 219
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan & Roche 1997, 257
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kerr 2007, 94
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lavell 1971, 3E.3
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; Eogan 2012, 765; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html)
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: McCormick, Kerr, McClatchie & O'Sullivan 2011, A274; Eogan 2012, 765
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2012, 765
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2012, 765; Pers. Comm. Richard Warner; ORAU Datelist 17 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am17.html)
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: ORAU Datelist 26 (http://users.ox.ac.uk/~orau/dl_am26.html)
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 84, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 108, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 111, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 112, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 112-3, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 113, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 115, 338
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 115
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 117, 338
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 122, 338, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 123
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 123, 338
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 127, 338, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 129, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 130, 339, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 130, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 133, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 134, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 191
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 214
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 247
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 248
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 249
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 337
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 338, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 338
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 339
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 339, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 340
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 340, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eogan 2017, 341
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pers. Comm. Rowan McLaughlin, via Cultivating Societies
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Bevan2017
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller,
D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human
Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate}"
:author: "{Bevan, A. H.}"
:date: "{2017-10-20}"
:publisher: "{UCL Institute of Archaeology}"
:location: "{London, UK}"
:doi: "{10.14324/000.ds.10025178}"
:url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/}"
:urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
:langid: "{english}"
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b 590
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Sinitsyn A.A. 2006. QI 152-153: 175-185. Douka 2017 Current Anthropology
58 Supplement 17 480-'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Furholt 2003 260; Lanting/Aerts-Bijma/van der Pflicht 2001 251 Tab. 1;
253 Tab. 4
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel & Waterbolk 1963: 184'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bevan2017; EUROEVOL; RADON
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b 589
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3070
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
:title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
:author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{sep}"
:doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
:url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
:abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
:copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
:howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
:month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUROEVOL
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}"
:author: "{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan,
S.}"
:date: "{2015-07-09}"
:url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}"
:urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
:abstract: "{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural
Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan,
UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon
data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating
between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections
of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and
families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP
counts and >36,000 biometrics.}"
:langid: "{english}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
:author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
:date: "{2012}"
:journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
:volume: "{14}"
:pages: "{1–4}"
:url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
:abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: IRDD
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August
2019 Release)}"
:author: "{Chapple, Robert M}"
:date: "{2019}"
:publisher: "{Oculus Obscura Press}"
:location: "{Belfast}"
:url: "{https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"