Site types
Settlement, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
035.768° N, 040.959° E
Coordinates (DMS)
035° 46' 00" E, 040° 57' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Iran (IR)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (55)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Gif-10347 Trench O XXI/2, Level XIII bone Bos NA 2950±40 BP 3220–2965 cal BP CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999 Palmisano et al. 2022
Gif-10348 Trench N XXI/2, Level IX bone Capra NA 2945±45 BP 3225–2961 cal BP CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999 Palmisano et al. 2022
Gif-10349 Trench A, Level XXIV, previous XIII bone Equus NA 2915±60 BP 3220–2877 cal BP CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999 Palmisano et al. 2022
Gif-10350 Trench A, Level XXX, previous VII bone Equus NA 2820±30 BP 2996–2855 cal BP CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20546 Trench IV Context 4016 charcoal NA NA 3225±30 BP 3482–3385 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20547 Trench II Context 2022 charcoal NA NA 3162±34 BP 3452–3271 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20548 Trench II Context 2017 charcoal NA NA 3082±32 BP 3368–3215 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20657 Trench IV Context 4027 charcoal NA NA 4791±32 BP 5588–5475 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20658 Trench IV Context 4010 charcoal NA NA 2990±29 BP 3319–3072 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20659 Trench IV Context 4026 charcoal NA NA 4909±33 BP 5715–5586 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20660 Trench IV Context 4004 charcoal NA NA 3021±28 BP 3336–3082 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20661 Trench II Context 2008 charcoal NA NA 2935±29 BP 3170–2970 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20662 Trench II Context 2015 charcoal NA NA 3041±30 BP 3345–3167 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20663 Trench II Context 2006 charcoal NA NA 2912±31 BP 3156–2962 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-20738 Trench II Context 2034 charcoal NA NA 3362±34 BP 3689–3488 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-X-2323-10 Trench II Context 2020 charcoal NA NA 3229±36 BP 3550–3371 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-X-232310 phase IA I, Trench II Context 2020 charcoal NA NA 3229±36 BP 3550–3371 cal BP Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
Gif-10347 NA bone Bos 14C 2950±40 BP 3220–2965 cal BP Pollard 2011 Weninger 2022
Gif-10348 NA bone caprin 14C 2945±45 BP 3225–2961 cal BP Pollard 2011 Weninger 2022
Gif-10349 NA bone Equus 14C 2915±60 BP 3220–2877 cal BP Pollard 2011 Weninger 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Bronze Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Chalcolithic NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Chalcolithic NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011
Bronze Age NA Pollard 2011
Iron Age NA Pollard 2011

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • No bibliographic information available. [Pollard 2011]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Bovington and Masoumi 1972]
  • No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal]
  • Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
  • Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Lawrence, D., & Shennan, S. (2022). The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP. 10(0), 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.90 [NERD]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
@misc{Pollard 2011,
  
}
@misc{Bovington and Masoumi 1972,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999,
  
}
@misc{Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
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---
:bibtex_key: Pollard 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bovington and Masoumi 1972
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Mashkour et al. 1999
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pollard et al. 2012; CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"

Changelog