Site types
Open air, pit b, settlement, settlement (house), settlement (pit), single grave, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
NA
Coordinates (DMS)
NA
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (76)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
UBAR-83 charcoal NA NA 3620±80 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Bird et al. 2022
UBAR-85 charcoal NA NA 2410±70 BP RADON-B Bird et al. 2022
UBAR-86 charcoal NA NA 2440±60 BP RADON-B Bird et al. 2022
UBAR-87 charcoal NA NA 3350±90 BP RADON-B Bird et al. 2022
MC-N.R. unknown NA NA 3740±70 BP Llongueras et al. 1986
UBAR-83 charcoal NA NA 3620±80 BP Mestres et al. 1991
UBAR-273 Fosa D-18 Carbón NA NA 3310±60 BP MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23. MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92 DIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV. MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.
UBAR-87 Fosa D-38 Carbón NA NA 3350±90 BP MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23, fig. 1. MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92. MAYA J. L. 1992a, p. 300. DIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV. MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.
UBAR-4 Fosa-foc I Carbón NA NA 3480±80 BP MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23. MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92. MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.
UBAR-399 Residencial; Hàbitat a l'aire lliure i camp de sitges; Cabana 11 N.H3 charcoal NA NA 4020±130 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-443 Funerari; Sepultura en fossa; Tomba M7 collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 4560±80 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Hinz et al. 2012
MC-2142 ?; Fossa 3 charcoal NA NA 4800±150 BP Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-84 ?; Fossa B12 charcoal NA NA 5010±80 BP Hinz et al. 2012
MC-1243 Residencial; Hàbitat a l'aire lliure i camp de sitges; Fossa-foc 1 charcoal NA NA 3750±90 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-83 Residencial; Hàbitat a l'aire lliure i camp de sitges; Fossa B-4 charcoal NA NA 3620±80 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-442 Funerari; Sep G17 collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 5310±90 BP Martí et al. 1997 Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-445 Funerari; 7.7 collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 4880±173 BP Martí et al. 1997, 157 Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-6 ?; Fossa 1 charcoal NA NA 4970±80 BP Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-5 ?; Fossa 2 charcoal NA NA 4940±250 BP Hinz et al. 2012
UBAR-400 Residencial; Hàbitat a l'aire lliure i camp de sitges; Cabana 1 N.2 charcoal NA NA 3870±110 BP Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988 Hinz et al. 2012

typological date Typological dates (89)

Classification Estimated age References
MiddleNeolithic NA Rosell et al. 1997
Sepulcres de fossa NA NA
MiddleNeolithic NA Mestres et al. 1991
Sepulcres de fossa NA NA
MiddleNeolithic NA Mestres and Martín 1996
LateNeolithic NA Mestres and Martín 1996
Veraza NA NA
LateNeolithic NA Mestres and Martín 1996
Veraza NA NA
LateNeolithic NA Llongueras et al. 1986
Veraza NA NA
MiddleNeolithic NA Gibaja et al. 2017b
LateNeolithic NA Mestres et al. 1991
Veraza NA NA
LateNeolithic NA Mestres and Martín 1996
Veraza NA NA
MiddleNeolithic NA Rosell et al. 1997
MiddleNeolithic NA Gibaja et al. 2017b
MiddleNeolithic NA Gibaja et al. 2017b
Bronze Age NA Balsera

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{Rosell et al. 1997,
  
}
@misc{Mestres et al. 1991,
  
}
@misc{Mestres and Martín 1996,
  
}
@misc{Llongueras et al. 1986,
  
}
@misc{Gibaja et al. 2017b,
  
}
@misc{Balsera,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB,
  
}
@misc{Eubar,
  
}
@misc{Larsson 2019,
  
}
@misc{MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.
MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92
DIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV.
MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.,
  
}
@misc{MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23, fig. 1.
MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92.
MAYA J. L. 1992a, p. 300.
DIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV.
MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.,
  
}
@misc{MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.
MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92.
MARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.
,
  
}
@misc{Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988,
  
}
@misc{Martí et al. 1997,
  
}
@misc{Martí et al. 1997, 157,
  
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{RADON-B,
  
}
@misc{AgriChange,
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470},
  note = {Martínez-Grau, Héctor, Morell-Rovira, Berta, & Antolín, Ferran. (2020). Radiocarbon dates associated to Neolithic contexts (ca. 5900 – 2000 cal BC) from the northwestern Mediterranean Arch to the High Rhine area [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (Vol. 9, Number 1, pp. 1–10). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{EUBAR,
  url = {https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/},
  note = {CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
  title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
  author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
  date = {2014},
  url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
  abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Rosell et al. 1997","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mestres et al. 1991","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mestres and Martín 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Llongueras et al. 1986","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gibaja et al. 2017b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Balsera","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Eubar","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Larsson 2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92\r\nDIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23, fig. 1.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92.\r\nMAYA J. L. 1992a, p. 300.\r\nDIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.\r\n","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín et al. 1988","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Martí et al. 1997","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Martí et al. 1997, 157","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}]{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"AgriChange","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470}","note":"{Martínez-Grau, Héctor, Morell-Rovira, Berta, & Antolín, Ferran. (2020). Radiocarbon dates associated to Neolithic contexts (ca. 5900 – 2000 cal BC) from the northwestern Mediterranean Arch to the High Rhine area [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (Vol. 9, Number 1, pp. 1–10). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUBAR","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/}","note":"{CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Rosell et al. 1997
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Mestres et al. 1991
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Mestres and Martín 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Llongueras et al. 1986
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gibaja et al. 2017b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Balsera
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eubar
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Larsson 2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S.,
  ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH
  R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS
  T. 1988, pp. 77-92\r\nDIAZ J., BORDAS A., POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig.
  IV.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S.,
  ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23, fig. 1.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J.
  M., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ
  J, CASAS T. 1988, pp. 77-92.\r\nMAYA J. L. 1992a, p. 300.\r\nDIAZ J., BORDAS A.,
  POU R., MARTI M. 1995, pp. 17-30, fig. IV.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p.
  123."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "MARTÍN A., MIRET J., BLANCH R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S.,
  ALBIZURI S., BOSCH J. M. 1988, pp. 9-23.\r\nMARTÍN A., MIRET J., BOSCH J. M., BLANCH
  R. M., ALIAGA S., ENRICH R., COLOMER S., ALBIZURI S., FOLCH J., MARTÍNEZ J, CASAS
  T. 1988, pp. 77-92.\r\nMARTÍN A., MESTRES J. S. 2002, p. 123.\r\n"
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bordas et al. 1994; Diaz et al. 1995a; Llongueras et al. 1979a; Martín
  et al. 1988
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Martí et al. 1997
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Martí et al. 1997, 157
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
:bibtex_key: RADON-B
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: AgriChange
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470}"
  :note: "{Martínez-Grau, Héctor, Morell-Rovira, Berta, & Antolín, Ferran. (2020).
    Radiocarbon dates associated to Neolithic contexts (ca. 5900 – 2000 cal BC) from
    the northwestern Mediterranean Arch to the High Rhine area [Data set]. In Journal
    of Open Archaeology Data (Vol. 9, Number 1, pp. 1–10). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4541470}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUBAR
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/}"
  :note: "{CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements
    for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts
    from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European
    14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
  :author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
  :date: "{2014}"
  :url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
  :abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
    time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
    from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
    factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
    features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
    in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
    to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog