Site types
Settlement, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
054.267° N, 010.767° E
Coordinates (DMS)
054° 16' 00" E, 010° 46' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Germany (DE)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (140)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
AAR-4998 collagen bone NA NA 5165±45 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4060 seed NA NA 4150±45 BP Rassmann 2001 278 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4061 seed NA NA 4150±40 BP Rassmann 2001 278 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4125 charcoal NA NA 4070±50 BP Rassmann 2001 278 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4235M seed NA NA 5180±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4236 seed NA NA 5200±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4240 seed NA NA 5270±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4288 seed NA NA 5230±55 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KI-4289 seed NA NA 5360±50 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-3307 wood NA NA 4920±50 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-3308 wood NA NA 4940±30 BP Hartz 1999 29 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-3309 wood NA NA 4920±30 BP Hartz 1999 29 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-408 wood NA NA 4100±40 BP Rassmann 2001 278 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-4216 collagen bone NA NA 5270±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-4218 food remains NA NA 5010±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-4219 food remains NA NA 5180±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-4220 food remains NA NA 5390±40 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-4221 food remains NA NA 5460±50 BP Eberhardt 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-6991 food remains NA NA 5305±38 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022
KIA-6992 food remains NA NA 5420±46 BP Hartz2005 64 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (194)

Classification Estimated age References
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3289
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3290
Trichterbecher-North Group NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3291
Trichterbecher-North Group NA NA
Neolithic NA Rassmann 2001, 278
Trichterbecher-North Group NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3293
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3294
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3295
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3296
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3297
Transition EBK/TBK NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3298

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3278]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3279]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3280]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Rassmann 2001, 278]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3282]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3284]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3285]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3286]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3287]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3288]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3289]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3290]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3291]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3293]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3294]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3295]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3296]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3297]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3298]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3299]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3300]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3301]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3302]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3303]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3304]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3305]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3306]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3307]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3308]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3309]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3310]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3311]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3312]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3313]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3314]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3315]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Eberhardt, 64]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hartz2005, 64]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hartz2005]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hartz 1999, 29]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hartz2005 64]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Rassmann 2001 278]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Hartz 1999 29]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Eberhardt 64]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
  • Manning, K., Timpson, A., Colledge, S., Crema, E., & Shennan, S. (2015). The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset [Data set]. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/ [EUROEVOL]
  • Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
  • Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Kiel DB 3278,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3279,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3280,
  
}
@misc{Rassmann 2001, 278,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3282,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3284,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3285,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3286,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3287,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3288,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3289,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3290,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3291,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3293,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3294,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3295,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3296,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3297,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3298,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3299,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3300,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3301,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3302,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3303,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3304,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3305,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3306,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3307,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3308,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3309,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3310,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3311,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3312,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3313,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3314,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3315,
  
}
@misc{Eberhardt, 64,
  
}
@misc{Hartz2005, 64,
  
}
@misc{Hartz2005,
  
}
@misc{Hartz 1999, 29,
  
}
@misc{Hartz2005 64,
  
}
@misc{Rassmann 2001 278,
  
}
@misc{Hartz 1999 29,
  
}
@misc{Eberhardt 64,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@dataset{EUROEVOL,
  title = {The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset},
  author = {Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.},
  date = {2015-07-09},
  url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.},
  langid = {english}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3278","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3279","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3280","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rassmann 2001, 278","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3282","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3284","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3285","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3286","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3287","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3288","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3289","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3290","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3291","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3293","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3294","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3295","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3296","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3297","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3298","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3299","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3300","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3301","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3302","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3303","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3304","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3305","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3306","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3307","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3308","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3309","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3310","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3311","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3312","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3313","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3314","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3315","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Eberhardt, 64","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hartz2005, 64","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hartz2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hartz 1999, 29","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hartz2005 64","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rassmann 2001 278","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hartz 1999 29","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Eberhardt 64","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUROEVOL","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}","author":"{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.}","date":"{2015-07-09}","url":"{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.}","langid":"{english}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3278
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3279
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3280
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rassmann 2001, 278
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3282
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3284
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3285
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3286
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3287
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3288
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3289
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3290
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3291
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3293
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3294
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3295
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3296
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3297
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3298
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3299
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3300
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3301
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3302
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3303
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3304
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3305
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3306
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3307
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3308
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3309
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3310
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3311
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3312
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3313
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3314
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3315
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eberhardt, 64
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hartz2005, 64
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hartz2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hartz 1999, 29
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hartz2005 64
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rassmann 2001 278
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hartz 1999 29
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Eberhardt 64
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUROEVOL
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}"
  :author: "{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan,
    S.}"
  :date: "{2015-07-09}"
  :url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural
    Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan,
    UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon
    data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating
    between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections
    of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and
    families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP
    counts and >36,000 biometrics.}"
  :langid: "{english}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

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