Pta-1984
Radiocarbon date from
Great Zimbabwe
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Measurement
- Age (uncal BP)
- 850
- Error (±)
- 50
- Lab
- NA
- Method
- NA
- Sample material
- charcoal
- Sample taxon
- NA
Calibration
- Calibration curve
- IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
- Calibrated age (2σ, BP)
- 905 - 865
858 - 846
830 - 675
Context
- Site
- Great Zimbabwe
- Context
- Sample position
- NA
- Sample coordinates
- NA
Bibliographic references (17)
- No bibliographic information available. [Robinson K.R. 1961. An early iron-age site from the Chibi district Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin16(63) pp.75-102.]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
- No bibliographic information available. [huffman1991cgz]
- No bibliographic information available. [robinson1961ecd]
- No bibliographic information available. [chirikure2013bcg]
- No bibliographic information available. [sheppard1966rrm]
- No bibliographic information available. [Crane and Griffin 1959: 37; Faunmap 1914]
- No bibliographic information available. [Humphreys AJB. 1975. Burchell's Shelter: The history and archaeology of a northern Cape rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin30(117/118) pp.3-18.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80]
- No bibliographic information available. [Huffman T.N. and Vogel J.C. 1991. The chronology of Great Zimbabwe.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.61-70.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Hall M. 1980. An iron-smelting site in the Hluhluwe Game Reserve Zululand.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.165-175.]
- No bibliographic information available. [CONTEXT after Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; PPND]
- No bibliographic information available. [Opperman H. 1987.The Later Stone Age of the Drakensberg range and its foothills(Vol. 339). British Archaeological Reports: Oxford.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Humphreys A.J.B. 2009. A Riet River retrospective.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.157-175.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Linseele V. 2007]
@misc{Robinson K.R. 1961. An early iron-age site from the Chibi district Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin16(63) pp.75-102.,
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{huffman1991cgz,
}
@misc{robinson1961ecd,
}
@misc{chirikure2013bcg,
}
@misc{sheppard1966rrm,
}
@misc{Crane and Griffin 1959: 37; Faunmap 1914,
}
@misc{Humphreys AJB. 1975. Burchell's Shelter: The history and archaeology of a northern Cape rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin30(117/118) pp.3-18.,
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
}
@misc{Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.,
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80,
}
@misc{Huffman T.N. and Vogel J.C. 1991. The chronology of Great Zimbabwe.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.61-70.,
}
@misc{Hall M. 1980. An iron-smelting site in the Hluhluwe Game Reserve Zululand.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.165-175.,
}
@misc{CONTEXT after Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; PPND,
}
@misc{Opperman H. 1987.The Later Stone Age of the Drakensberg range and its foothills(Vol. 339). British Archaeological Reports: Oxford.,
}
@misc{Humphreys A.J.B. 2009. A Riet River retrospective.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.157-175.,
}
@misc{Linseele V. 2007,
}
{"bibtex_key":"Robinson K.R. 1961. An early iron-age site from the Chibi district Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin16(63) pp.75-102.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"huffman1991cgz","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"robinson1961ecd","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"chirikure2013bcg","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"sheppard1966rrm","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Crane and Griffin 1959: 37; Faunmap 1914","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Humphreys AJB. 1975. Burchell's Shelter: The history and archaeology of a northern Cape rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin30(117/118) pp.3-18.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Huffman T.N. and Vogel J.C. 1991. The chronology of Great Zimbabwe.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.61-70.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hall M. 1980. An iron-smelting site in the Hluhluwe Game Reserve Zululand.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.165-175.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT after Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; PPND","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Opperman H. 1987.The Later Stone Age of the Drakensberg range and its foothills(Vol. 339). British Archaeological Reports: Oxford.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Humphreys A.J.B. 2009. A Riet River retrospective.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.157-175.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linseele V. 2007","bibtex_type":"misc"}
---
:bibtex_key: Robinson K.R. 1961. An early iron-age site from the Chibi district Southern
Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin16(63) pp.75-102.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: huffman1991cgz
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: robinson1961ecd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: chirikure2013bcg
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: sheppard1966rrm
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Crane and Griffin 1959: 37; Faunmap 1914'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Humphreys AJB. 1975. Burchell''s Shelter: The history and archaeology
of a northern Cape rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin30(117/118)
pp.3-18.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western
Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon
23: 43-80'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Huffman T.N. and Vogel J.C. 1991. The chronology of Great Zimbabwe.The
South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.61-70.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hall M. 1980. An iron-smelting site in the Hluhluwe Game Reserve Zululand.Annals
of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.165-175.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CONTEXT after Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994; PPND
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Opperman H. 1987.The Later Stone Age of the Drakensberg range and its
foothills(Vol. 339). British Archaeological Reports: Oxford.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Humphreys A.J.B. 2009. A Riet River retrospective.Southern African Humanities21(1)
pp.157-175.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Linseele V. 2007
:bibtex_type: :misc