OxA-3862

Radiocarbon date from Spoeg River Cave

Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team

Measurement

Age (uncal BP): 2105
Error (±): 65
Lab: NA
Method: NA
Sample material: bone
Sample taxon: NA

Calibration

Calibration curve: IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
Calibrated age (2σ, BP): 2308 - 2223
2212 - 2192
2184 - 1920
1909 - 1890

Context

Site: Spoeg River Cave
Context
Sample position: NA
Sample coordinates: NA

Bibliographic references (13)

No bibliographic information available. [Hedges R.E.M. Housley R.A. Ramsey C.B. and Van Klinken G.J. 1994. Radiocarbon dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry datelist 18.Archaeometry36(2) pp.337-374.]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
No bibliographic information available. [webley2002esc]
No bibliographic information available. [sealy1994cip]
No bibliographic information available. [vogel1997dis; webley1992hap]
No bibliographic information available. [SARD]
No bibliographic information available. [Webley L 2002. The re-excavation of Spoegrivier Cave on the west coast of South Africa. Annals of the Eastern Cape Museums 2:19–49.]
No bibliographic information available. [Weiser W. 1996. Eraul 76:: 105-113. Antl. W. : www.iabrno.cz/pv/antl.pdf. Walpurga A. Quaternary Science Journal 62 / 2: 2013 / 120-126 .]
No bibliographic information available. [Villa P. Soriano S. Tsanova T. Degano I. Higham T.F. d’Errico F. Backwell L. Lucejko J.J. Colombini M.P. and Beaumont P.B. 2012. Border cave and the beginning of the later stone age in South Africa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109(33) pp.13208-13213.]
No bibliographic information available. [Kaplan J. and Mitchell P. 2012. The archaeology of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project Phases IA and IB.Southern African Humanities24(1) pp.1-32.]
No bibliographic information available. [Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.]
No bibliographic information available. [Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.]
No bibliographic information available. [Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117]

@misc{Hedges R.E.M. Housley R.A. Ramsey C.B. and Van Klinken G.J. 1994. Radiocarbon dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry datelist 18.Archaeometry36(2) pp.337-374.,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{webley2002esc,
  
}
@misc{sealy1994cip,
  
}
@misc{vogel1997dis; webley1992hap,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Webley L 2002. The re-excavation of Spoegrivier Cave on the west coast of South Africa. Annals of the Eastern Cape Museums 2:19–49.,
  
}
@misc{Weiser W. 1996. Eraul 76:: 105-113. Antl. W. :  www.iabrno.cz/pv/antl.pdf. Walpurga A. Quaternary Science Journal  62 /  2: 2013 / 120-126 .,
  
}
@misc{Villa P. Soriano S. Tsanova T. Degano I. Higham T.F. d’Errico F. Backwell L. Lucejko J.J. Colombini M.P. and Beaumont P.B. 2012. Border cave and the beginning of the later stone age in South Africa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109(33) pp.13208-13213.,
  
}
@misc{Kaplan J. and Mitchell P. 2012. The archaeology of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project Phases IA and IB.Southern African Humanities24(1) pp.1-32.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117,
  
}

{"bibtex_key":"Hedges R.E.M. Housley R.A. Ramsey C.B. and Van Klinken G.J. 1994. Radiocarbon dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry datelist 18.Archaeometry36(2) pp.337-374.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"webley2002esc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"sealy1994cip","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"vogel1997dis; webley1992hap","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Webley L 2002. The re-excavation of Spoegrivier Cave on the west coast of South Africa. Annals of the Eastern Cape Museums 2:19–49.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Weiser W. 1996. Eraul 76:: 105-113. Antl. W. :  www.iabrno.cz/pv/antl.pdf. Walpurga A. Quaternary Science Journal  62 /  2: 2013 / 120-126 .","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Villa P. Soriano S. Tsanova T. Degano I. Higham T.F. d’Errico F. Backwell L. Lucejko J.J. Colombini M.P. and Beaumont P.B. 2012. Border cave and the beginning of the later stone age in South Africa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109(33) pp.13208-13213.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kaplan J. and Mitchell P. 2012. The archaeology of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project Phases IA and IB.Southern African Humanities24(1) pp.1-32.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117","bibtex_type":"misc"}

---
:bibtex_key: 'Hedges R.E.M. Housley R.A. Ramsey C.B. and Van Klinken G.J. 1994. Radiocarbon
  dates from the Oxford AMS system: Archaeometry datelist 18.Archaeometry36(2) pp.337-374.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: webley2002esc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: sealy1994cip
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1997dis; webley1992hap
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Webley L 2002. The re-excavation of Spoegrivier Cave on the west coast
  of South Africa. Annals of the Eastern Cape Museums 2:19–49.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Weiser W. 1996. Eraul 76:: 105-113. Antl. W. :  www.iabrno.cz/pv/antl.pdf.
  Walpurga A. Quaternary Science Journal  62 /  2: 2013 / 120-126 .'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Villa P. Soriano S. Tsanova T. Degano I. Higham T.F. d’Errico F. Backwell
  L. Lucejko J.J. Colombini M.P. and Beaumont P.B. 2012. Border cave and the beginning
  of the later stone age in South Africa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109(33)
  pp.13208-13213.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kaplan J. and Mitchell P. 2012. The archaeology of the Lesotho Highlands
  Water Project Phases IA and IB.Southern African Humanities24(1) pp.1-32.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes
  River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III.
  Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117'
:bibtex_type: :misc

Changelog

Imported from p3k14c via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC