GX-31194
Radiocarbon date from
El Miron,
c. 21874–20415 cal BP
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Measurement
- Age (uncal BP)
- 17400
- Error (±)
- 270
- Lab
- NA
- Method
- NA
- Sample material
- bone Coelodonta antiquitatis Linty
- Sample taxon
- NA
Calibration
- Calibration curve
- IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
- Calibrated age (2σ, cal BP)
-
- 21874–20415
Context
- Site
- El Miron
- Context
- Sample position
- NA
- Sample coordinates
- NA
Bibliographic references
(32)
- No bibliographic information available. [Mulholland 1984]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
- No bibliographic information available. [White 1976: 114]
- No bibliographic information available. [Abel and Fuerst 1999; Pendergast 1993]
- No bibliographic information available. [Aigner 1976; Laughlin 1975]
- No bibliographic information available. [Faunmap 2377]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.. Straus L.G. 2018 Radiocarbon 60-1015]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14]
- No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216. Straus L.G. 2015 Radiocarbon 57: 183-188 Straus L.G. Radiocarbon Vol 58 Nr 4 2016 p 943-945 https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Aura J. 2012.QI]
- No bibliographic information available. [Pena-Chocarro 2005]
- No bibliographic information available. [Pfeiffer S. Sealy J. Harrington L. Loftus E. and Maggs T. 2020. A Late Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western Cape South Africa.Plos one15(4) p.e0230391.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14]
- No bibliographic information available. [Adan Alvarez G 2005. L'Anthropologie 109: 499-519. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Patterson 2000]
- No bibliographic information available. [Muller 1986]
- No bibliographic information available. [Hart et al. 2003; Faunmap 105]
- No bibliographic information available. [Masry 1974 223]
- Capuzzo, G., Boaretto, E., & Barceló, J. A. (2014). EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon, 56(2), 851–869. https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17453 [EUBAR]
- No bibliographic information available. [Cancellieri E. 2010 PhD Thesis Universita Ferrara]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Straus L.G. 2014. Zephyrus 73: 45-65.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Breternitz 1969: 117; Butler 1981 1988; Reeves 1983: 257; Wood 1967]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2006. ERAUL 115: 117-128. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Campbell 2010]
- No bibliographic information available. [Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.]
- Vermeersch, P. M. (2020). Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included. Data Brief, 31, 105793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793 [Vermeersch 2020]
- No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Hunan 2006]
- No bibliographic information available. [https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wyckoff 1976 Synopsis of Activities - For: Oklahoma Archaeological Survey and Affiliated State Agency Archaeologists]
@misc{Mulholland 1984,
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{White 1976: 114,
}
@misc{Abel and Fuerst 1999; Pendergast 1993,
}
@misc{Aigner 1976; Laughlin 1975,
}
@misc{Faunmap 2377,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.. Straus L.G. 2018 Radiocarbon 60-1015,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14,
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216. Straus L.G. 2015 Radiocarbon 57: 183-188 Straus L.G. Radiocarbon Vol 58 Nr 4 2016 p 943-945 https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Aura J. 2012.QI,
}
@misc{Pena-Chocarro 2005,
}
@misc{Pfeiffer S. Sealy J. Harrington L. Loftus E. and Maggs T. 2020. A Late Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western Cape South Africa.Plos one15(4) p.e0230391.,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14,
}
@misc{Adan Alvarez G 2005. L'Anthropologie 109: 499-519. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414.,
}
@misc{Patterson 2000,
}
@misc{Muller 1986,
}
@misc{Hart et al. 2003; Faunmap 105,
}
@misc{Masry 1974 223,
}
@article{CapuzzoEtAl2014,
title = {EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France},
shorttitle = {EUBAR},
author = {Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.},
year = {2014},
month = {jan},
journal = {Radiocarbon},
volume = {56},
number = {2},
pages = {851–869},
issn = {0033-8222, 1945-5755},
doi = {10.2458/56.17453},
abstract = {The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology. To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology, quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis, several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.},
langid = {english},
month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{Cancellieri E. 2010 PhD Thesis Universita Ferrara,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Straus L.G. 2014. Zephyrus 73: 45-65.,
}
@misc{Breternitz 1969: 117; Butler 1981 1988; Reeves 1983: 257; Wood 1967,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2006. ERAUL 115: 117-128. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.,
}
@misc{Campbell 2010,
}
@misc{Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.,
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
year = {2020},
month = {aug},
journal = {Data Brief},
volume = {31},
pages = {105793},
issn = {2352-3409},
doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.,
}
@misc{Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Hunan 2006,
}
@misc{https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14,
}
@misc{Wyckoff 1976 Synopsis of Activities - For: Oklahoma Archaeological Survey and Affiliated State Agency Archaeologists,
}
{"bibtex_key":"Mulholland 1984","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"White 1976: 114","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Abel and Fuerst 1999; Pendergast 1993","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Aigner 1976; Laughlin 1975","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Faunmap 2377","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.. Straus L.G. 2018 Radiocarbon 60-1015","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216. Straus L.G. 2015 Radiocarbon 57: 183-188 Straus L.G. Radiocarbon Vol 58 Nr 4 2016 p 943-945 https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Aura J. 2012.QI","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pena-Chocarro 2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pfeiffer S. Sealy J. Harrington L. Loftus E. and Maggs T. 2020. A Late Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western Cape South Africa.Plos one15(4) p.e0230391.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Adan Alvarez G 2005. L'Anthropologie 109: 499-519. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria. JAS 29: 1403-1414.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Patterson 2000","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Muller 1986","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hart et al. 2003; Faunmap 105","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Masry 1974 223","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CapuzzoEtAl2014","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France}","shorttitle":"{EUBAR}","author":"{Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.}","year":"{2014}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Radiocarbon}","volume":"{56}","number":"{2}","pages":"{851–869}","issn":"{0033-8222, 1945-5755}","doi":"{10.2458/56.17453}","abstract":"{The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology. To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology, quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis, several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.}","langid":"{english}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Cancellieri E. 2010 PhD Thesis Universita Ferrara","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Straus L.G. 2014. Zephyrus 73: 45-65.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breternitz 1969: 117; Butler 1981 1988; Reeves 1983: 257; Wood 1967","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2006. ERAUL 115: 117-128. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Campbell 2010","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Hunan 2006","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wyckoff 1976 Synopsis of Activities - For: Oklahoma Archaeological Survey and Affiliated State Agency Archaeologists","bibtex_type":"misc"}---
:bibtex_key: Mulholland 1984
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: 'White 1976: 114'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Abel and Fuerst 1999; Pendergast 1993
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Aigner 1976; Laughlin 1975
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Faunmap 2377
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.. Straus L.G. 2018 Radiocarbon 60-1015'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216. Straus L.G. 2015
Radiocarbon 57: 183-188 Straus L.G. Radiocarbon Vol 58 Nr 4 2016 p 943-945 https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Aura J. 2012.QI'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pena-Chocarro 2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Pfeiffer S. Sealy J. Harrington L. Loftus E. and Maggs T. 2020. A Late
Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western
Cape South Africa.Plos one15(4) p.e0230391.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry
57 1 (2015) 177-216.https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Adan Alvarez G 2005. L''Anthropologie 109: 499-519. Straus L.G. 2007.
Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2002. Last Glacial Human Settlement in Eastern Cantabria.
JAS 29: 1403-1414.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Patterson 2000
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Muller 1986
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hart et al. 2003; Faunmap 105
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Masry 1974 223
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CapuzzoEtAl2014
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian
Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern
France}"
:shorttitle: "{EUBAR}"
:author: "{Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.}"
:year: "{2014}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Radiocarbon}"
:volume: "{56}"
:number: "{2}"
:pages: "{851–869}"
:issn: "{0033-8222, 1945-5755}"
:doi: "{10.2458/56.17453}"
:abstract: "{The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative
chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different
time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between
different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach
was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology.
To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for
the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle
Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological
information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled
more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology,
quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological
context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis,
several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and
different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.}"
:langid: "{english}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: Cancellieri E. 2010 PhD Thesis Universita Ferrara
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214. Straus L.G. 2014. Zephyrus
73: 45-65.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Breternitz 1969: 117; Butler 1981 1988; Reeves 1983: 257; Wood 1967'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2006. ERAUL 115: 117-128. Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon
49: 1205-1214.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Campbell 2010
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Straus L.G. 2007. Radiocarbon 49: 1205-1214.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
:author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
:year: "{2020}"
:month: "{aug}"
:journal: "{Data Brief}"
:volume: "{31}"
:pages: "{105793}"
:issn: "{2352-3409}"
:doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
:abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
26.}'
:month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey C. Archaeometry 57 1 (2015) 177-216.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Hunan 2006
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: https://sites.google.com/ehu.eus/c14peninsulaiberica/dataciones-14
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wyckoff 1976 Synopsis of Activities - For: Oklahoma Archaeological
Survey and Affiliated State Agency Archaeologists'
:bibtex_type: :misc