Gd-4231

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon date from Temnata, c. 37395–30812 cal BP
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team

Measurement

Age (uncal BP)
29700
Error (±)
1600
Lab
NA
Method
14C
Sample material
Sample taxon
NA

Calibration

Calibration curve
IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
Calibrated age (2σ, cal BP)
  • 37395–30812

Context

Site
Temnata
Context
habitat
Sample position
NA
Sample coordinates
NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references (15)

@misc{Ginter and Kozlowski 1992,
  
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@misc{Ginter et al. 1996,
  
}
@misc{Svoboda 2004,
  
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
  title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
  author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
  year = {2020},
  month = {aug},
  journal = {Data Brief},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {105793},
  issn = {2352-3409},
  doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
  abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
  month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M.  2011. QI,
  
}
@misc{Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
  
}
@misc{Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996.  In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
  
}
@misc{Gumiński 1999,
  
}
@misc{Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261,
  
}
@misc{Dolukhanov,
  
}
@misc{Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41,
  
}
@misc{Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.,
  
}
@misc{Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
  
}
@misc{Otte M.  Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341,
  
}
{"bibtex_key":"Ginter and Kozlowski 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Ginter et al. 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Svoboda 2004","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M.  2011. QI","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996.  In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gumiński 1999","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Dolukhanov","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Otte M.  Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341","bibtex_type":"misc"}
---
:bibtex_key: Ginter and Kozlowski 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
:bibtex_key: Ginter et al. 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Svoboda 2004
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
    of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
  :author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
  :year: "{2020}"
  :month: "{aug}"
  :journal: "{Data Brief}"
  :volume: "{31}"
  :pages: "{105793}"
  :issn: "{2352-3409}"
  :doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
  :abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
    Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
    was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
    humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
    of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
    Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
    conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
    with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
    radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
    try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
    of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
    with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
    Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
    are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
    sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
    For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
    Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
    with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
    available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
    open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
    27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
    of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
    Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
    and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
    are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
    26.}'
  :month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M.  2011.
  QI
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area
  Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996.  In:
  The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo
  Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gumiński 1999
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Dolukhanov
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In:
  The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo
  Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Otte M.  Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341'
:bibtex_type: :misc

Changelog