Lavagnone
Archaeological site
in Italy
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
- Coordinates (degrees)
- 045.433° N, 010.583° E
- Coordinates (DMS)
- 045° 25' 00" E, 010° 34' 00" N
- Country (ISO 3166)
- Italy (IT)
Linked Data
Radiocarbon dates
(75)
| Lab ID | Context | Material | Taxon | Method | Uncalibrated age | Calibrated age | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hd-16312 | NA | NA | 3684±16 BP | 4085–3976 cal BP | Keller et al. 2005 Palmisano et al. 2022 | ||
| Hd-16465 | NA | NA | 3725±24 BP | 4149–3985 cal BP | Keller et al. 2005 Palmisano et al. 2022 | ||
| Hd-16517 | NA | NA | 3727±22 BP | 4149–3986 cal BP | Keller et al. 2005 Palmisano et al. 2022 | ||
| Hd-16853 | wood | NA | NA | 3684±16 BP | 4085–3976 cal BP | Skeates and Whitehouse 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Hd-17064 | wood | NA | NA | 3725±24 BP | 4149–3985 cal BP | Skeates and Whitehouse 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Hd-17065 | wood | NA | NA | 3727±22 BP | 4149–3986 cal BP | Skeates and Whitehouse 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Pi-81 | wooden pole | wood | NA | NA | 3099±120 BP | 3564–2965 cal BP | Ferrara et al. 1961; Capuzzo et al. 2014 Palmisano et al. 2022 |
| Poz-103897 | seed | Panicum | NA | 3145±35 BP | 3449–3255 cal BP | Filipović et al 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Poz-103898 | seed | Panicum | NA | 3420±35 BP | 3823–3569 cal BP | Filipović et al 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Poz-107451 | seed | Panicum | NA | 3065±30 BP | 3361–3209 cal BP | Filipović et al 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| Poz-107452 | seed | Panicum | NA | 3085±30 BP | 3368–3220 cal BP | Filipović et al 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1247a | Area II, layer E2 (excavations 1974) (BA) | wood | NA | NA | 3550±50 BP | 3975–3695 cal BP | CaPuzzo et al. 2014 Palmisano et al. 2022 |
| R-1248a | wood | NA | NA | 3700±50 BP | 4224–3895 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1249a | charcoal | NA | NA | 3750±50 BP | 4286–3931 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1250a | charcoal | NA | NA | 3590±50 BP | 4077–3722 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1251a | charcoal | NA | NA | 3700±50 BP | 4224–3895 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1252a | charcoal | NA | NA | 3760±50 BP | 4290–3976 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1253a | Area II, layer D2-D3 (excavations 1974) (BA-BM) | wood | NA | NA | 3430±50 BP | 3831–3565 cal BP | Capuzzo et al. 2014 Palmisano et al. 2022 |
| R-1254 | charcoal | NA | NA | 3590±50 BP | 4077–3722 cal BP | Skeates 1994 Palmisano et al. 2022 | |
| R-1255 | Area II, layer 1 (excavations 1971) (BM) | wood | NA | NA | 3120±50 BP | 3447–3215 cal BP | Alessio et al. 1991; Capuzzo et al. 2014 Palmisano et al. 2022 |
Typological dates
(32)
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Keller et al. 2005]
- No bibliographic information available. [Skeates and Whitehouse 1994]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ferrara et al. 1961; Capuzzo et al. 2014]
- No bibliographic information available. [Filipović et al 2020]
- No bibliographic information available. [CaPuzzo et al. 2014]
- No bibliographic information available. [Skeates 1994]
- No bibliographic information available. [Capuzzo et al. 2014]
- No bibliographic information available. [Alessio et al. 1991; Capuzzo et al. 2014]
- Capuzzo, G., Boaretto, E., & Barceló, J. A. (2014). EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon, 56(2), 851–869. https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17453 [EUBAR]
- No bibliographic information available. [FERRARA G., FORNACA-RINALDI G., TONGIORGI E. 1961, p. 102.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 8. PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 10 (1-2, 4, 7). PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 10 (5-6). PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 5. PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [PERINI R. 1975-80, pp. 117-166, lám II (1-3); III (4-5, 7-8, 10). PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 6, 11. PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [BARICH. B. 1975-80. PERINI R. 1983. ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Leonardi et al. 2015, 301-304 Appendix]
- No bibliographic information available. [Leonardi et al. 2015 301-304 Appendix]
- Vermeersch, P. M. (2020). Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included. Data Brief, 31, 105793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793 [Vermeersch 2020]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rome Datelist V]
- No bibliographic information available. [INQUA_RPED_v18]
- Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Kabelindde, A., Roberts, N., & Shennan, S. (2022). AIDA: Archive of Italian Radiocarbon Dates (Version 5.0) [Data set]. https://github.com/apalmisano82/AIDA [AIDA]
- Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
- https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/ [EUBAR]
- Kneisel, J., Hinz, M., & Rinne, C. (2014). RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age [Data set]. https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de [RADON-B]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Keller et al. 2005,
}
@misc{Skeates and Whitehouse 1994,
}
@misc{Ferrara et al. 1961; Capuzzo et al. 2014,
}
@misc{Filipović et al 2020,
}
@misc{CaPuzzo et al. 2014,
}
@misc{Skeates 1994,
}
@misc{Capuzzo et al. 2014,
}
@misc{Alessio et al. 1991; Capuzzo et al. 2014,
}
@article{CapuzzoEtAl2014,
title = {EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France},
shorttitle = {EUBAR},
author = {Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.},
year = {2014},
month = {jan},
journal = {Radiocarbon},
volume = {56},
number = {2},
pages = {851–869},
issn = {0033-8222, 1945-5755},
doi = {10.2458/56.17453},
abstract = {The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology. To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology, quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis, several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.},
langid = {english},
month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{FERRARA G., FORNACA-RINALDI G., TONGIORGI E. 1961, p. 102.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 8.
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 10 (1-2, 4, 7).
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 10 (5-6).
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 5.
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{PERINI R. 1975-80, pp. 117-166, lám II (1-3); III (4-5, 7-8, 10).
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 6, 11.
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{BARICH. B. 1975-80.
PERINI R. 1983.
ALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.,
}
@misc{Leonardi et al. 2015, 301-304 Appendix,
}
@misc{Leonardi et al. 2015 301-304 Appendix,
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
year = {2020},
month = {aug},
journal = {Data Brief},
volume = {31},
pages = {105793},
issn = {2352-3409},
doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{Rome Datelist V,
}
@misc{INQUA_RPED_v18,
}
@dataset{AIDA,
title = {AIDA: Archive of Italian Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Kabelindde, A. and Roberts, N. and Shennan, S.},
date = {2022-04-09},
url = {https://github.com/apalmisano82/AIDA},
version = {5.0}
}
@misc{CalPal,
title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
author = {Weninger, Bernie},
year = {2022},
month = {sep},
doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{EUBAR,
url = {https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/},
note = {CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
date = {2014},
url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Keller et al. 2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Skeates and Whitehouse 1994","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ferrara et al. 1961; Capuzzo et al. 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Filipović et al 2020","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CaPuzzo et al. 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Skeates 1994","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Capuzzo et al. 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Alessio et al. 1991; Capuzzo et al. 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CapuzzoEtAl2014","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France}","shorttitle":"{EUBAR}","author":"{Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.}","year":"{2014}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Radiocarbon}","volume":"{56}","number":"{2}","pages":"{851–869}","issn":"{0033-8222, 1945-5755}","doi":"{10.2458/56.17453}","abstract":"{The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology. To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology, quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis, several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.}","langid":"{english}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"FERRARA G., FORNACA-RINALDI G., TONGIORGI E. 1961, p. 102.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 8.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 10 (1-2, 4, 7). \r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 10 (5-6). \r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 5.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"PERINI R. 1975-80, pp. 117-166, lám II (1-3); III (4-5, 7-8, 10).\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 6, 11.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"BARICH. B. 1975-80.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Leonardi et al. 2015, 301-304 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Leonardi et al. 2015 301-304 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Rome Datelist V","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"INQUA_RPED_v18","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"AIDA","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{AIDA: Archive of Italian Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Kabelindde, A. and Roberts, N. and Shennan, S.}","date":"{2022-04-09}","url":"{https://github.com/apalmisano82/AIDA}","version":"{5.0}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUBAR","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/}","note":"{CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
:bibtex_key: Keller et al. 2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Skeates and Whitehouse 1994
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ferrara et al. 1961; Capuzzo et al. 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Filipović et al 2020
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CaPuzzo et al. 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Skeates 1994
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Capuzzo et al. 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Alessio et al. 1991; Capuzzo et al. 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CapuzzoEtAl2014
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{EUBAR: A Database of 14C Measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian
Analysis of 14C-Dated Archaeological Contexts from Northern Italy and Southern
France}"
:shorttitle: "{EUBAR}"
:author: "{Capuzzo, Giacomo and Boaretto, Elisabetta and Barceló, Juan A.}"
:year: "{2014}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Radiocarbon}"
:volume: "{56}"
:number: "{2}"
:pages: "{851–869}"
:issn: "{0033-8222, 1945-5755}"
:doi: "{10.2458/56.17453}"
:abstract: "{The chronological framework of European protohistory is mostly a relative
chronology based on typology and stratigraphic data. Synchronization of different
time periods suffers from a lack of absolute dates; therefore, disagreements between
different chronological schemes are difficult to reconcile. An alternative approach
was applied in this study to build a more precise and accurate absolute chronology.
To the best of our knowledge, we have collected all the published 14C dates for
the archaeological sites in the region from the Ebro River (Spain) to the Middle
Danube Valley (Austria) for the period 1800–750 BC. The available archaeological
information associated with the 14C dates was organized in a database that totaled
more than 1600 14C dates. In order to build an accurate and precise chronology,
quality selection rules have been applied to the 14C dates based on both archaeological
context and analytical quality. Using the OxCal software and Bayesian analysis,
several 14C time sequences were created following the archaeological data and
different possible scenarios were tested in northern Italy and southern France.}"
:langid: "{english}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: FERRARA G., FORNACA-RINALDI G., TONGIORGI E. 1961, p. 102.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 8.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO
M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991,
pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 10 (1-2, 4, 7). \r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO
M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991,
pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 10 (5-6). \r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO
M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991,
pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, fig. 5.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO
M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991,
pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "PERINI R. 1975-80, pp. 117-166, lám II (1-3); III (4-5, 7-8, 10).\r\nPERINI
R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA
L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80, pp. 71-116, figg. 6, 11.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO
M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991,
pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "BARICH. B. 1975-80.\r\nPERINI R. 1983.\r\nALESSIO M., ALLEGRI L., IMPROTA
S., BELLUOMINI G., CORTESI C., MANFRA L., TURI B. 1991, pp. 133-135."
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Leonardi et al. 2015, 301-304 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Leonardi et al. 2015 301-304 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
:author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
:year: "{2020}"
:month: "{aug}"
:journal: "{Data Brief}"
:volume: "{31}"
:pages: "{105793}"
:issn: "{2352-3409}"
:doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
:abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
26.}'
:month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: Rome Datelist V
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: INQUA_RPED_v18
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: AIDA
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{AIDA: Archive of Italian Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Kabelindde, A. and Roberts,
N. and Shennan, S.}"
:date: "{2022-04-09}"
:url: "{https://github.com/apalmisano82/AIDA}"
:version: "{5.0}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
:title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
:author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{sep}"
:doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
:url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
:abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
:copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
:howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
:month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUBAR
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{https://telearchaeology.org/EUBAR/}"
:note: "{CAPUZZO G, BOARETTO E, BARCELÓ JA. 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements
for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts
from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2):851-69.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European
14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
:author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
:date: "{2014}"
:url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
:abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"